Years That Changed History: 1215

Watch Years That Changed History: 1215

  • 2019
  • 1 Season

Years That Changed History: 1215 from The Great Courses Signature Collection starring Dorsey Armstrong is a captivating and insightful documentary series that takes a deep dive into the events of that pivotal year in European history. The year 1215 saw significant changes that reshaped the political and social landscape of England and beyond, and this series explores the key events and personalities that made them happen.

Throughout the series, Armstrong provides expert commentary and analysis, drawing on her extensive knowledge of medieval history to shed light on the complexities of the period. Her engaging style and clear explanations make the events of 1215 accessible and engaging for viewers, whether they are seasoned history buffs or newcomers to the subject.

The series begins with an exploration of the political climate of England in the early 13th century, setting the scene for the events that would unfold over the course of the year. Armstrong examines the reign of King John, a deeply flawed monarch whose tyrannical rule had led to widespread discontent among his subjects. She explores the various factions and power struggles that characterized the political landscape at the time, highlighting the tensions between the crown, the nobility, and the common people.

From there, the series delves into the key events of 1215, starting with the Magna Carta, the iconic document that has come to symbolize the struggle for basic rights and freedoms. Armstrong unpacks the historical context of the Magna Carta, explaining why it was necessary and how it came to be created. She delves into the specific clauses of the document and their significance, showing how they represented a major step forward in the development of the rule of law.

Another major event of 1215 was the Fourth Lateran Council, a gathering of European church leaders that produced a series of key reforms that would transform the Catholic Church. Armstrong examines the key issues at stake at the council, including the role of the laity, the question of heresy, and the institution of the sacrament of confession. She shows how the decisions made at the council had far-reaching implications for the church and for European society as a whole.

Other key events of 1215 that are covered in the series include the siege of Rochester Castle, a dramatic military conflict that highlighted the tensions between King John and his barons; and the signing of the Treaty of Chinon, a major diplomatic agreement that settled a longstanding dispute between the kings of France and England.

Throughout the series, Armstrong brings the events of 1215 to life through vivid storytelling and detailed analysis. She highlights the personalities and motivations of the key figures involved, from King John to his barons to the church leaders and soldiers who played pivotal roles in the events of the year. She also explores the broader social and cultural contexts that shaped the events of 1215, showing how they were grounded in the values and beliefs of the time.

Overall, Years That Changed History: 1215 is a highly engaging and informative series that provides a wealth of insight into a pivotal year in European history. With its expert analysis, clear explanations, and engaging storytelling, it is sure to appeal to anyone with an interest in medieval history or the development of European society and culture.

Years That Changed History: 1215 is a series that ran for 1 seasons (24 episodes) between May 24, 2019 and on The Great Courses Signature Collection

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Seasons
The World after 1215
24. The World after 1215
April 21, 2022
Much of this series has been about looking back to a watershed year in history. In this final episode, Professor Armstrong looks forward to consider how the events from this series shaped the centuries that followed. With a shifting climate, the decline of population, and the catastrophic Black Death in the 14th century, we can look back and see that the year 1215 is truly an anomalous time.
Japan and Samurai Culture
23. Japan and Samurai Culture
May 24, 2019
Mongol culture affected huge swaths of the world, including Japan. After reflecting on the feudal structure of Japan in the 13th century, Professor Armstrong traces the rise of the shoguns, which is rooted in the 1185 conflict between the Taira and Minamoto clans. Examine the history of shoguns, the samurai, and more.
The Islamic World in 1215
22. The Islamic World in 1215
May 24, 2019
In the 13th century, the Islamic world was experiencing a golden age of art, science, education, and more. From Baghdad's House of Wisdom to figures such as Avicenna, Averroës, Saladin, and more, take a tour of this grand world. Learn about the foundations of modern medicine and mathematics.
Literary Trends in the Early 13th Century
21. Literary Trends in the Early 13th Century
May 24, 2019
Religious tracts and guides provide a crucial window into 13th-century spirituality and behavior. Beyond religion, however, the Norse and Icelandic sagas offer great insight into the myths, events, and stories of a pagan, pre-Christian past, while the Arthurian legend grew in popularity throughout the medieval world. Review this amazing (and sometimes amazingly weird) literature.
The Status of Women in 1215
20. The Status of Women in 1215
May 24, 2019
To tackle the subject of what the world was like in general for women in 1215, Professor Armstrong returns to medieval Europe, which was home to many powerful and well-educated women. Explore the lives of three exemplary women of the time: Hildegard of Bingen, Heloïse, and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
What Happened to the Mongols after 1215?
19. What Happened to the Mongols after 1215?
April 21, 2022
When Genghis Khan died, his greatest legacies were his tradition of warfare as well as the way he unified so many disparate groups of people. In this final episode on the Mongols, follow the story of his sons and grandsons, and witness the collapse of the largest contiguous political entity ever to exist.
The Battle of Beijing
18. The Battle of Beijing
May 24, 2019
By the early 13th century, Genghis Khan had defeated all of his immediate rivals and brought a number of regional tribes under his banner, including the Huns, Turks, and Tatars. His crowning achievement was his success at the Battle of Beijing, when he consolidated his control of China. As you'll discover, the battle was decidedly one-sided from the start.
The Mongols and the Rise of Genghis Khan
17. The Mongols and the Rise of Genghis Khan
May 24, 2019
The rise of Genghis Khan is an amazing, unbelievable story. How did a low-ranking man from the Mongolian steppes rise up to be one of the greatest military leaders the world has ever seen? In this episode, Professor Armstrong surveys the dazzling rise of Genghis Khan, outlines his military strategy, and surveys his conquests across Asia.
Mongol Culture before Genghis Khan
16. Mongol Culture before Genghis Khan
April 21, 2022
Too often, western history books portray the Mongols as bloodthirsty murderers and destroyers hellbent on destroying civilization, but the true story of Mongol society is much different. As Marco Polo relayed after a visit to Kublai Khan, the Mongols did much to stabilize the societies they conquered. Explore the dual identity of the Mongols.
The Crusade against the Cathars
15. The Crusade against the Cathars
April 21, 2022
Catharism is a version of Christianity even more revolutionary than the mendicant orders you studied in the last episode. In fact, Catharism was so radical that some people argued its belief system was not Christianity at all. See why, in the early 13th century, the pope turned his attention away from the Crusades abroad to root out Catharism at home.
Francis of Assisi and the Mendicant Orders
14. Francis of Assisi and the Mendicant Orders
May 24, 2019
As you may recall, the Fourth Lateran Council attempted to curb the formation of new monastic orders, yet the Church soon after granted an exception for the Franciscans and the Dominicans. Dive into the background of these orders, meet St. Francis of Assisi, and see how his life inspired the creation of a new religious order.
The Jews in 1215 and Beyond
13. The Jews in 1215 and Beyond
May 24, 2019
Continue your study of the Jewish experience in medieval Europe. Examine the aftermath of 1215 and the Fourth Lateran Council's insistence on Christian dominance. In the 13th century, institutional persecution began trickling down to the masses, leading to blood libel accusations, among other abominations.
The Fourth Lateran Council and the Jews
12. The Fourth Lateran Council and the Jews
May 24, 2019
The Fourth Lateran Council marked a turning point for Jewish communities in medieval Europe. In this first of two episodes on the Jewish experience around 1215, Professor Armstrong provides an overview of anti-Semitism in medieval European society. Also, reflect on the uneasy relationship between Jews and Christians.
The Fourth Crusade and the Crusader States
11. The Fourth Crusade and the Crusader States
May 24, 2019
In the century after Pope Urban II, a "crusading impulse" had taken over medieval western Europe. In this episode, examine the Fourth Crusade, which began in 1198 and culminated with the sack of Constantinople in 1204. Then turn to the Children's Crusade that followed.
The Crusading Impulse
10. The Crusading Impulse
May 24, 2019
A few episodes ago, you studied the "persecution canons" of the Fourth Lateran Council and saw the tense relationship between the Church and non-Christians. Here, Professor Armstrong unpacks the background to the Crusades, beginning with Pope Urban II's 1095 call for Christians to take the Holy Land back from the Muslims.
Civilizations of Sub-Saharan Africa in 1215
9. Civilizations of Sub-Saharan Africa in 1215
May 24, 2019
Africa in 1215 was home to a number of fascinating civilizations, including the Mali Empire, the Kingdom of Zimbabwe, and the Ethiopian Empire. Travel to Sub-Saharan Africa to review the history leading up to these great civilizations, meet some of the major figures, and explore some of their great feats, from mining to dry-stone engineering.
Civilizations in the Americas in 1215
8. Civilizations in the Americas in 1215
May 24, 2019
Shift your attention from Europe to the Americas, where a number of civilizations were thriving in 1215. Although no single episode could do justice to all of these civilizations, Professor Armstrong spotlights the Pueblo people, the Incas, and the Maya, providing a solid foundation for what was happening on the American continents at the time.
The Canons of Persecution
7. The Canons of Persecution
May 24, 2019
Continue your study of the Fourth Lateran Council with this examination of the "canons of persecution." Whereas the canons you studied earlier primarily affected Christians, the canons in this episode were directed specifically at non-Christians (particularly Muslims and Jews). After exploring these persecution canons, consider the background for the Crusades.
Canons for Christian Practice and Belief
6. Canons for Christian Practice and Belief
May 24, 2019
Delve into the canons that were decreed at the Fourth Lateran Council. Find out what Church leaders were trying to accomplish, or what crises they were attempting to address. From heresies to marriage to the nature of the priesthood, the Fourth Lateran Council took on issues that affected nearly everyone in Europe.
What Inspired the Fourth Lateran Council?
5. What Inspired the Fourth Lateran Council?
May 24, 2019
If you went back in time and asked anyone in 1215 what the most important event of the year was, most people in Europe would cite the Fourth Lateran Council. In this episode, Professor Armstrong surveys the history of Christianity and the events leading up to this pivotal ecclesiastical event.
The Magna Carta's Legacy
4. The Magna Carta's Legacy
May 24, 2019
Although the Magna Carta is revered today as a founding document of British law and a democratic sensibility, it's stunning to reflect on how easily it could have been forgotten. Shortly after it was officially accepted by both king and nobles, the pope annulled the document; yet that isn't the end of the story. Here, trace the Magna Carta's story across the ages.
What's Really in the Magna Carta?
3. What's Really in the Magna Carta?
April 21, 2022
Continue your study of the Magna Carta by investigating some of its most interesting clauses. As you learned in the previous episode, the document was meant to appease a group of nobles, and the negotiated settlement is a delightful mix of grand pronouncements and specific requests - including that widows shall not be compelled to remarry.
The Magna Carta: Patching Up a Squabble
2. The Magna Carta: Patching Up a Squabble
May 24, 2019
History buffs likely know that the Magna Carta was drafted in 1215, and that it helped establish English law as we know it. But what was actually in this document? And why was it created in the first place? Here, you'll discover the surprisingly narrowly focused origins of a short-lived document that seemed, at the time, like a minor footnote in history.
The World before 1215
1. The World before 1215
May 24, 2019
Begin your survey of this amazing year with some context. Europe in the 13th century was experiencing a period of climate warming, which led to a population boom as well as the expansion of urban centers and the growth of cities. Meanwhile, in Asia, the Mongols were finding their ages-old way of life threatened by these same changes. #History
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Where to Watch Years That Changed History: 1215
Years That Changed History: 1215 is available for streaming on the The Great Courses Signature Collection website, both individual episodes and full seasons. You can also watch Years That Changed History: 1215 on demand at Apple TV Channels, Amazon Prime, Amazon and Hoopla.
  • Premiere Date
    May 24, 2019