Ep 11. Edge of Space

The Universe: Ancient Mysteries Solved season 3 episode 11, Edge of Space, explores the furthest reaches of our atmosphere and beyond. With a focus on the boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space, the episode delves into the various high-altitude vehicles humans have used to explore this edge, including spacecraft, high-altitude balloons, and even jet-powered aircraft.

The episode begins by examining the history of high-altitude exploration, from early balloon flights in the late 1700s to the first rocket launches in the mid-20th century. Particular attention is paid to the X-15, a rocket-powered aircraft that set several altitude records in the 1960s and helped pave the way for later spaceflight.

From there, the episode moves on to a discussion of the extreme environments encountered at the edge of space. For example, the air pressure is so low at this altitude that it's equivalent to that found on Mars, and temperatures plummet to hundreds of degrees below freezing. Despite these challenges, however, humans have developed a number of innovative techniques for exploring this Netherworld, including the use of high-altitude balloons as mobile scientific platforms.

As the episode continues, it explores a number of different scientific questions related to the edge of space. One key area of interest is the study of cosmic rays, high-energy particles that originate outside of our solar system and can be detected by instruments at high altitudes. By studying these particles, scientists can learn more about the universe outside of our solar system, as well as gain insight into the workings of our own planet's magnetic field.

The episode also takes a look at the potential uses for high-altitude platforms in areas such as telecommunications and weather monitoring. For example, the Stratollite, a high-altitude balloon developed by World View Enterprises, can fly at an altitude of up to 75,000 feet and stay aloft for weeks at a time, making it ideal for applications such as surveillance and environmental monitoring.

Edge of Space concludes with a discussion of the future of high-altitude exploration and the cutting-edge technologies that will make it possible. For example, new materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes are being developed that could revolutionize the design of high-altitude vehicles. In addition, space exploration continues to push the boundaries of what is possible, with new missions to places such as Mars and beyond on the horizon.

Overall, this episode of The Universe: Ancient Mysteries Solved offers a fascinating look at the edge of space and the many scientific questions and technological challenges that arise when we seek to explore this final frontier.