Ep 1. Mega Structures of the Deep

In the first episode of season 4 of Ancient Discoveries, titled "Mega Structures of the Deep", viewers are taken on an underwater journey to explore the incredible engineering achievements of ancient civilizations. From the construction of sophisticated aqueducts to breathing tubes and ventilation systems, this episode investigates how humans have adapted to the underwater environment, and the tools and techniques used to make it possible.

We begin by learning about the ancient city of Brasilia Teotihuacan in modern-day Mexico, which was home to some of the most impressive underground water systems in the world. With a complex network of canals and aqueducts, the city was able to sustain its population for centuries, even in dry seasons. Modern divers explore the ruins of Teotihuacan to uncover the secrets of its water management system, which still baffles engineers today.

Next, we travel to the Aegean Sea off the coast of modern-day Turkey to revisit the ancient city of Ephesus, which was once a bustling port town. The city boasted some of the most advanced hydraulics systems in the world, including a network of pipes and channels designed to regulate the flow of seawater. Through the use of 3D modelling and simulation, engineers today are able to recreate the intricate water systems of Ephesus, and understand how they functioned.

Moving further north, we delve into the engineering feat of the ancient Roman navy. Their ships were some of the most advanced in history, and required sophisticated systems to ensure the survival of their crews on long voyages. These systems included ventilation shafts, water pumps, and fan-like structures that allowed fresh air to circulate around the ship. With the help of modern technology, we are able to recreate these innovations and understand how Roman engineers kept their crews alive and healthy on the open water.

Finally, we explore the underwater cities of the Maya civilization in South America. Using advanced diving technology, modern archaeologists and explorers can access the ruins of these ancient cities, and uncover the secrets of their complex building techniques. We learn how the Maya built seawalls and canals to protect their cities from the ocean, as well as how they designed underwater cisterns to collect and store fresh water.

Through the lens of modern technology and techniques, "Mega Structures of the Deep" reveals the impressive and highly advanced engineering feats of ancient civilizations. From the sewers of Rome to the intricate water systems of Teotihuacán, viewers glimpse into a time when humans had to adapt to extreme environments to survive. Through dramatic reenactments and expert interviews, this episode reveals how ancient technology is still relevant and inspiring today.